{"id":7047,"date":"2021-04-02T15:51:14","date_gmt":"2021-04-02T08:51:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/?p=7047"},"modified":"2021-11-23T21:08:40","modified_gmt":"2021-11-23T14:08:40","slug":"pow-la-gi-tim-hieu-co-che-hoat-dong-cua-pow","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/pow-la-gi-tim-hieu-co-che-hoat-dong-cua-pow\/","title":{"rendered":"PoW l\u00e0 g\u00ec? T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a PoW"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">V\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 crypto, h\u1eb3n kh\u00f4ng d\u01b0\u1edbi v\u00e0i l\u1ea7n b\u1ea1n b\u1eaft g\u1eb7p kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m PoW trong c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 ti\u1ec1n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed. Tuy nhi\u00ean, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ai c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u1eafm b\u1eaft \u0111\u00fang nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin li\u00ean quan v\u1ec1 PoW. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y, Fiahub s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p cho b\u1ea1n v\u1ec1 <\/span><b>PoW l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 nh\u00e9!<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_79_2 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\"><p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">N\u1ed9i dung b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft<\/p>\n<\/div><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/pow-la-gi-tim-hieu-co-che-hoat-dong-cua-pow\/#Khai_niem\" >Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/pow-la-gi-tim-hieu-co-che-hoat-dong-cua-pow\/#Thuat_toan_dong_thuan_la_gi\" >Thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/pow-la-gi-tim-hieu-co-che-hoat-dong-cua-pow\/#PoW_la_gi\" >PoW l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/pow-la-gi-tim-hieu-co-che-hoat-dong-cua-pow\/#Nguyen_ly_hoat_dong_cua_PoW_la_gi\" >Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a PoW l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/pow-la-gi-tim-hieu-co-che-hoat-dong-cua-pow\/#Uu_Nhuoc_diem_cua_PoW_la_gi\" >\u01afu Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a PoW l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/pow-la-gi-tim-hieu-co-che-hoat-dong-cua-pow\/#Uu_diem\" >\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/pow-la-gi-tim-hieu-co-che-hoat-dong-cua-pow\/#Nhuoc_diem\" >Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/pow-la-gi-tim-hieu-co-che-hoat-dong-cua-pow\/#Y_nghia_cua_PoW_la_gi\" >\u00dd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a PoW l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/pow-la-gi-tim-hieu-co-che-hoat-dong-cua-pow\/#Phan_biet_PoS_va_PoW\" >Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t PoS v\u00e0 PoW<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/pow-la-gi-tim-hieu-co-che-hoat-dong-cua-pow\/#Tong_ket\" >T\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Khai_niem\"><\/span>Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Thuat_toan_dong_thuan_la_gi\"><\/span>Thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/thuat-toan-dong-thuan-consensus-blockchain\/\"><b>PoW l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/b><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn.\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u00f3 hai lo\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n \u0111i trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a blockchain: giao d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ec1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i bao g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng giao d\u1ecbch n\u00e0y. \u0110\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c giao d\u1ecbch, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd, thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft kho\u00e1 (m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu v\u00ed) l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Trong c\u00e1c block, theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn trong nh\u1eadt k\u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn giao d\u1ecbch. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1edbi m\u1ea1ng, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eedi l\u1ea1i giao d\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c n\u00fat.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5:\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Anh A mu\u1ed1n g\u1eedi 1 Bitcoin, tuy nhi\u00ean l\u1ea1i g\u1eedi \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi cho Anh B v\u00e0 Anh C. N\u1ebfu B v\u00e0 C kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c giao d\u1ecbch n\u00e0y (t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi), m\u1ea1ng s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia ph\u1ea3i ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p nh\u1eadt k\u00fd giao d\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 giao d\u1ecbch th\u1ee9 hai s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt;\">\u1ede kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u01b0ng trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt l\u1ea1i v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do v\u00ec sao c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn ra \u0111\u1eddi, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 PoW.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter is-resized\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/a1-1024x731.png\" alt=\"Thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn l\u00e0 g\u00ec? PoW l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Trader c\u1ea7n n\u1eafm v\u1eefng \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a blockchain.\" class=\"wp-image-7051\" width=\"900\" height=\"600\"\/><figcaption><em>Thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn l\u00e0 g\u00ec? <\/em><strong><em>PoW l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/em><\/strong><em> Trader c\u1ea7n n\u1eafm v\u1eefng \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a blockchain.<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"PoW_la_gi\"><\/span><strong>PoW l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt;\">Thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn PoW &#8211; vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a Proof of Work &#8211; B\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c: l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Bitcoin gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn b\u1edfi nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed3ng ti\u1ec1n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed altcoin kh\u00e1c. Hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, qu\u00e1 t\u00ecnh n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi c\u00e1ch g\u1ecdi quen thu\u1ed9c l\u00e0 \u201c\u0111\u00e0o\u201d v\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u00fat tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u201cth\u1ee3 \u0111\u00e0o\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt;\">PoW \u0111\u01b0a ra y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00e1c miner (th\u1ee3 \u0111\u00e0o) ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3i c\u00e1c b\u00e0i to\u00e1n m\u1eadt m\u00e3 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ee3p th\u1ee9c ho\u00e1 c\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i (block) trong blockchain, sau \u0111\u00f3 nh\u1eadn ph\u1ea7n th\u01b0\u1edfng d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng coin ho\u1eb7c token m\u1edbi ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt;\">\u0110\u00fang nh\u01b0 t\u00ean g\u1ecdi, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea3 c\u00f4ng\/ nh\u1eadn th\u01b0\u1edfng. C\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt;\">Cung c\u1ea5p m\u00e1y m\u00f3c v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt;\">Gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u1eb1ng ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n. Th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e1y, m\u00e1y c\u00e0ng m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 ti\u00eau hao nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec7n s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3i c\u00e1c thu\u1eadn to\u00e1n nhanh v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt;\">Sau c\u00f9ng, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ebd ch\u1ecdn ra \u0111\u00e1p \u00e1n t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0a ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1p \u00e1n n\u00e0y s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh Ng\u01b0\u1eddi X\u00e1c Nh\u1eadn hay Validator. Khi \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n khai th\u00e1c block m\u1edbi v\u00e0 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c giao d\u1ecbch trong block \u0111\u00f3.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt;\">Ti\u1ebfp theo, nh\u1eadn ph\u1ea7n th\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1eb1ng coin\/ token.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/a0-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"PoW l\u00e0 g\u00ec? \u0110\u00e2u l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a PoW?\" class=\"wp-image-7050\" width=\"900\" height=\"600\"\/><figcaption><strong><em>PoW l\u00e0 g\u00ec? <\/em><\/strong><em>\u0110\u00e2u l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a PoW?<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nguyen_ly_hoat_dong_cua_PoW_la_gi\"><\/span>Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a <strong>PoW l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong>?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt;\">Nh\u00ecn chung, khi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n giao d\u1ecbch tr\u00ean blockchain, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gom v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t block c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 giao d\u1ecbch kh\u00e1c. C\u00e1c th\u1ee3 \u0111\u00e0o s\u1ebd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e1y \u0111\u00e0o g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c minh giao d\u1ecbch.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt;\">H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed1 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. Th\u1ee3 \u0111\u00e0o c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi. Sau khi c\u00f3 c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 th\u1eddi, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ebd th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o cho c\u00e1c th\u1ee3 \u0111\u00e0o c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i. N\u1ebfu ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, block m\u1edbi s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra, giao d\u1ecbch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt;\">Sau khi ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t, th\u1ee3 \u0111\u00e0o s\u1ebd nh\u1eadn ph\u1ea7n th\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0 ph\u00ed giao d\u1ecbch v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n th\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u1ed1i. Tuy nhi\u00ean, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y ti\u00eau t\u1ed1n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean, th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt;\">Khi g\u1eb7p c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed1 qu\u00e1 kh\u00f3, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e1y c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd m\u1ea5t r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, block m\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u1ecb t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn v\u00e0 giao d\u1ecbch kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, khi c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed1 qu\u00e1 d\u1ec5, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ebd d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng b\u1ecb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng, c\u00e1c giao d\u1ecbch c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ecb l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3 cao.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt;\">PoW s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f3, sao cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 khai th\u00e1c c\u1ee7a th\u1ee3 \u0111\u00e0o. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, block m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra trong m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/a3-3-1024x618.jpg\" alt=\"Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a PoW l\u00e0 g\u00ec?\" class=\"wp-image-7049\" width=\"900\" height=\"600\"\/><figcaption><em>Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a <\/em><strong><em>PoW l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/em><\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Uu_Nhuoc_diem_cua_PoW_la_gi\"><\/span>\u01afu Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a <strong>PoW l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong>?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Uu_diem\"><\/span>\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt;\">PoW hay thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n <em>Proof of Work<\/em> c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng t\u1eeb DDoS hay c\u00e1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ti\u1ec1n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a miners. Thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n c\u1ee7a PoW \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t nh\u1eefng ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham d\u1ef1, b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf quy\u1ec1n h\u1ea1n. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia d\u00f9 c\u00f3 n\u1eafm gi\u1eef m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n l\u1edbn c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1edbi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi. B\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00ednh to\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ra c\u00e1c block m\u1edbi.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nhuoc_diem\"><\/span>Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt;\">Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n c\u1ee7a PoW t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u chi ph\u00ed. L\u00fd do b\u1edfi c\u00e1c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0a ra v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. Nh\u1eefng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u00e1y t\u00ednh th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 chi ph\u00ed c\u00f3 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng, ngo\u00e0i ra c\u00f2n c\u00f3 chi ph\u00ed qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 khai th\u00e1c c\u00e1c m\u1ecf. Nh\u1eefng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh n\u00e0y ti\u00eau hao n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn, chi ph\u00ed v\u00ec th\u1ebf m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9i l\u00ean th\u00eam. \u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o n\u00ean s\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng t\u1eadp trung c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt;\">Khi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o block, c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft hay v\u00f4 d\u1ee5ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u r\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00f4i khi ch\u1eb3ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00ean t\u1edbi tr\u00ean 50%.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Y_nghia_cua_PoW_la_gi\"><\/span>\u00dd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a <strong>PoW l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong>?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt;\">PoW mang \u0111\u1ebfn cho m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng phi t\u1eadp trung s\u1ef1 tin c\u1eady. Khi c\u00e1c th\u1ee3 \u0111\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd c\u1ea1nh tranh \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean block m\u1edbi v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn th\u01b0\u1edfng, h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 theo quy t\u1eafc c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng thay v\u00ec c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng thao t\u00fang n\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt;\">PoW duy tr\u00ec ngu\u1ed3n cung v\u00e0 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch c\u00e1c miner ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c mang \u0111\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f3 \u1edf m\u1ed7i block, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh; t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh v\u00ec vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c h\u1eefu h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, th\u1eddi gian hay s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh t\u00ednh to\u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a PoW.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Phan_biet_PoS_va_PoW\"><\/span>Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t PoS v\u00e0 PoW<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt;\">PoS &#8211; vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a <em>Proof of Stake<\/em> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1ng mong \u0111\u1ee3i: B\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ed5 ph\u1ea7n. Xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2011, PoS \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 giao th\u1ee9c nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n; tuy nhi\u00ean v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng trong b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 blockchain l\u1edbn n\u00e0o. <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt;\">V\u1edbi PoS, c\u00e1c th\u1ee3 \u0111\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c tr\u00ecnh x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn. B\u1ea1n s\u1ebd g\u1eb7p b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a \u201cminer\u201d hay cu\u1ed9c \u0111ua \u0111o\u00e1n hash n\u00e0o. Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean. V\u00e0 khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn, h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0a ra \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c \u201cr\u00e8n\u201d m\u1ed9t block. Khi block h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn th\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1eeb c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n ph\u00ed b\u1edfi giao d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a kh\u1ed1i.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/a4-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c nhau gi\u1eefa PoS v\u00e0 PoW l\u00e0 g\u00ec?\" class=\"wp-image-7048\" width=\"900\" height=\"600\"\/><figcaption><em>S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c nhau gi\u1eefa PoS v\u00e0<\/em><strong><em> PoW l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/em><\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt;\">\u0110\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng n\u00e0o c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn, n\u00f3 c\u1ea7n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean v\u00e0i y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia ph\u1ea3i kho\u00e1 m\u1ed9t c\u1ed5 ph\u1ea7n &#8211; l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng ti\u1ec1n g\u1ed1c trong blockchain. C\u1ed5 ph\u1ea7n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 b\u1ea3o l\u00e3nh. Hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, c\u1ed5 ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n ti\u1ec1n c\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng gian l\u1eadn. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng s\u1ebd h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng trung th\u1ef1c n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u1ed5 ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd s\u1ebd b\u1ecb l\u1ea5y m\u1ea5t.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">PoS c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m so v\u1edbi PoW. \u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i CO2 nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n v\u00ec n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c \u201c\u0111\u00e0o\u201d, \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 v\u00ec th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u.\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 PoW b\u1ecb xem l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn duy nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn. Ch\u1ec9 h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t th\u1eadp k\u1ef7, PoW \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c giao d\u1ecbch tr\u1ecb gi\u00e1 h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn t\u1ef7 \u0111\u00f4 la tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. V\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 c\u1ea1nh tranh c\u1ee7a PoS v\u00e0 PoW, c\u00f3 l\u1ebd c\u1ea7n th\u00eam th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng minh.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tong_ket\"><\/span>T\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt;\">C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i, PoW l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t giao th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f2n v\u00e0i thi\u1ebfu s\u00f3t &#8211; \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c ti\u00eau hao ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1eefu h\u1ea1n qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng giao th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a PoW mang \u0111\u1ebfn cho m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng phi t\u1eadp trung \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt;\">Trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 blockchain, h\u1eb3n s\u1ebd c\u00e1c nh\u1eefng giao th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn h\u01a1n. H\u00e3y c\u00f9ng Fiahub ch\u1edd \u0111\u00f3n nh\u00e9! V\u00e0 \u0111\u1eebng qu\u00ean, g\u1eedi \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00fang t\u00f4i nh\u1eefng th\u1eafc m\u1eafc c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. \u0110\u1ed9i ng\u0169 Fiahub lu\u00f4n s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 24\/7. <\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>V\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 crypto, h\u1eb3n kh\u00f4ng d\u01b0\u1edbi v\u00e0i l\u1ea7n b\u1ea1n b\u1eaft g\u1eb7p kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m PoW trong c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 ti\u1ec1n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed. Tuy nhi\u00ean, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ai c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u1eafm b\u1eaft \u0111\u00fang nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin li\u00ean quan v\u1ec1 PoW. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y, Fiahub s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p cho b\u1ea1n v\u1ec1 PoW l\u00e0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":23,"featured_media":7052,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"elementor_theme","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[21850],"tags":[8325,8326,58,8324,8328],"class_list":{"0":"post-7047","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-tu-dien-crypto","8":"tag-pow","9":"tag-proof-of-work","10":"tag-proof-of-work-la-gi","11":"tag-thuat-toan-dong-thuan","12":"tag-thuat-toan-dong-thuan-la-gi"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v25.0 (Yoast SEO v26.6) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>PoW l\u00e0 g\u00ec? T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a PoW - Fiahub<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"V\u1edbi c\u00e1c crypto trader, kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m PoW kh\u00e1 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn. V\u1eady PoW l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Nh\u1eefng g\u00ec c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd v\u1ec1 PoW? H\u00e3y c\u00f9ng t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u ngay sau \u0111\u00e2y.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/pow-la-gi-tim-hieu-co-che-hoat-dong-cua-pow\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"PoW l\u00e0 g\u00ec? T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a PoW\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"V\u1edbi c\u00e1c crypto trader, kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m PoW kh\u00e1 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn. 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