{"id":5731,"date":"2021-02-02T15:59:07","date_gmt":"2021-02-02T08:59:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/?p=5731"},"modified":"2021-12-10T20:05:16","modified_gmt":"2021-12-10T13:05:16","slug":"polkadot-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/polkadot-la-gi\/","title":{"rendered":"Polkadot l\u00e0 g\u00ec?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Polkadot l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t giao th\u1ee9c blockchain th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 ti\u1ebfp theo k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i nhi\u1ec1u blockchains chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t web tr\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i quy\u1ec1n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t cho c\u00e1c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n internet, Polkadot x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean l\u1eddi h\u1ee9a mang t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng blockchain tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Polkadot cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng blockchain:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_79_2 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\"><p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">N\u1ed9i dung b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft<\/p>\n<\/div><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/polkadot-la-gi\/#Ti_le\" >T\u1ec9 l\u1ec7<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/polkadot-la-gi\/#Chuyen_mon_hoa\" >Chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n h\u00f3a<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/polkadot-la-gi\/#Lam_viec_cung_nhau\" >L\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u00f9ng nhau<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/polkadot-la-gi\/#Tu_quan\" >T\u1ef1 qu\u1ea3n<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/polkadot-la-gi\/#Nang_cap_de_dang\" >N\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ti_le\"><\/span>T\u1ec9 l\u1ec7<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u00e1c blockchain ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf. Polkadot l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng \u0111a ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd song song nhi\u1ec1u giao d\u1ecbch tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 chu\u1ed7i, lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c n\u00fat th\u1eaft c\u1ed5 chai x\u1ea3y ra tr\u00ean c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng k\u1ebf th\u1eeba x\u1eed l\u00fd t\u1eebng giao d\u1ecbch m\u1ed9t. S\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh x\u1eed l\u00fd song song n\u00e0y c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. C\u00e1c chu\u1ed7i ph\u00e2n m\u1ea3nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Polkadot \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 &#8220;parachains&#8221; v\u00ec ch\u00fang ch\u1ea1y song song tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Chuyen_mon_hoa\"><\/span>Chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n h\u00f3a<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Khi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200btr\u00fac blockchain, m\u1ed9t k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c blockchains \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c nhau. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a cho vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd danh t\u00ednh trong khi m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a cho vi\u1ec7c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef t\u1ec7p. Tr\u00ean Polkadot, m\u1ed7i blockchain c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a cho m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00e1c blockchain c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c m\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng tr\u00ean khung ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n Substrate, c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh blockchain c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd nhanh h\u01a1n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n bao gi\u1edd h\u1ebft.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Lam_viec_cung_nhau\"><\/span>L\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u00f9ng nhau<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean Polkadot c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chia s\u1ebb th\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng minh m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 t\u1eadp trung c\u00f3 th\u00f4ng l\u1ec7 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e1ng ng\u1edd. Kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, Polkadot cung c\u1ea5p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u00e0 giao ti\u1ebfp xuy\u00ean chu\u1ed7i. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y m\u1edf ra c\u00e1nh c\u1eeda cho c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 m\u1edbi s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng chuy\u1ec3n th\u00f4ng tin gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c chu\u1ed7i. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i cung c\u1ea5p quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o d\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ef1c (\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 chu\u1ed7i oracle), ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ea5p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u gi\u00e1 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ee9ng kho\u00e1n cho giao d\u1ecbch c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tu_quan\"><\/span>T\u1ef1 qu\u1ea3n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u00e1c c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng tr\u00ean Polkadot qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd khi h\u1ecd th\u1ea5y ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 n\u1eafm gi\u1eef c\u1ed5 ph\u1ea7n minh b\u1ea1ch trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a Polkadot. C\u00e1c nh\u00f3m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb blockchain theo nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1edbi ho\u1eb7c ho\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed5i trong c\u00e1c m\u00f4-\u0111un \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o s\u1eb5n \u0111\u1ec3 tri\u1ec3n khai nhanh h\u01a1n. C\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb chu\u1ed7i kh\u1ed1i th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p khi nhu c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo th\u1eddi gian.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nang_cap_de_dang\"><\/span>N\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, blockchain c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ec3 lu\u00f4n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn theo th\u1eddi gian. Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c chu\u1ed7i th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201chard fork\u201d, t\u1ea1o ra hai l\u1ecbch s\u1eed giao d\u1ecbch ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chia c\u1eaft m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u00e0nh hai v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng th\u00e1ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c. Polkadot cho ph\u00e9p n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n fork, cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c blockchains ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 th\u00edch \u1ee9ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng khi c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Khi k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhau, c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i n\u00e0y s\u1ebd m\u1edf ra m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng cho c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 m\u1edbi gi\u00fap m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t l\u1ea1i cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh h\u1ecd. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00f3m \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0 \u0111ang x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cho Polkadot cho m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng, bao g\u1ed3m t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i, nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1, IoT, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd chu\u1ed7i cung \u1ee9ng, m\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y. Web3 Foundation, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a Polkadot, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00f3m trong s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3, t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 cho c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u1edf t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 web3, t\u1eeb c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng c\u1ea5p th\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i nh\u01b0 v\u00ed, parachains, c\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh4.googleusercontent.com\/2_aH4-r4IbrWYQIpEH8-4vesUN_ba8MK6hXy1I06T6lgIgMka4Gg_ZJM33Rbxm34ERtlP4wg4hhVMFnVPfEL7yl52zmrNJda70DV-vkWLlRjQbIV8CEH8KmHj1bB_loXDsltyFAJ\" alt=\"Polkadot\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u1eebng ng\u00e0y, h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i Polkadot \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u1edbn m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n khi c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m nh\u1eadn ra l\u1ee3i \u00edch v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd cho Polkadot. Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o c\u1ee7a Polkadot mang l\u1ea1i cho c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n nhi\u1ec1u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i linh ho\u1ea1t h\u01a1n bao gi\u1edd h\u1ebft trong c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p nhi\u1ec1u chu\u1ed7i chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng, Polkadot cho ph\u00e9p c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 blockchain ph\u00e1t huy h\u1ebft ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng cho c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ef1c, t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1edbi v\u00e0 m\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cho c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf phi t\u1eadp trung trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ngo\u00e0i ra b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u th\u00f4ng tin kh\u00e1c v\u1ec1 ti\u1ec1n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed t\u1ea1i trang <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"fiahub blog (opens in a new tab)\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/\" target=\"_blank\">Fiahub blog<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Polkadot l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t giao th\u1ee9c blockchain th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 ti\u1ebfp theo k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i nhi\u1ec1u blockchains chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t web tr\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i quy\u1ec1n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t cho c\u00e1c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n internet, Polkadot x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean l\u1eddi<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":7752,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"elementor_theme","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[21846,1],"tags":[12895],"class_list":{"0":"post-5731","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-tien-dien-tu","8":"category-uncategorized","9":"tag-polkadot"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v25.0 (Yoast SEO v26.6) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Polkadot l\u00e0 g\u00ec? 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