{"id":34695,"date":"2026-02-04T11:03:09","date_gmt":"2026-02-04T04:03:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/?p=34695"},"modified":"2026-02-04T11:03:09","modified_gmt":"2026-02-04T04:03:09","slug":"vitalik-buterin-canh-bao-ethereum-khong-can-cac-layer-2-nua","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/vitalik-buterin-canh-bao-ethereum-khong-can-cac-layer-2-nua\/","title":{"rendered":"Vitalik Buterin c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o: Ethereum kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n c\u00e1c Layer-2 n\u1eefa"},"content":{"rendered":"<p data-path-to-node=\"6\"><strong>Trong m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00e1i g\u00e2y ch\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng blockchain v\u00e0o th\u1ee9 Ba v\u1eeba qua, nh\u00e0 s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp Ethereum Vitalik Buterin \u0111\u00e3 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. \u00d4ng tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn coi Layer-2 (L2) l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ch\u00ednh cho Ethereum &#8220;kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n h\u1ee3p l\u00fd n\u1eefa&#8221; v\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi n\u00e0y c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1edbi.<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_79_2 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\"><p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">N\u1ed9i dung b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft<\/p>\n<\/div><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/vitalik-buterin-canh-bao-ethereum-khong-can-cac-layer-2-nua\/#Layer-2_da_bo_qua_yeu_to_bao_mat\" >Layer-2 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecf qua y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/vitalik-buterin-canh-bao-ethereum-khong-can-cac-layer-2-nua\/#Chien_luoc_moi_phat_trien_bang_Native_Rollups\" >Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edbi: ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1eb1ng Native Rollups<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/vitalik-buterin-canh-bao-ethereum-khong-can-cac-layer-2-nua\/#Layer-2_se_di_ve_dau\" >Layer-2 s\u1ebd \u0111i v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e2u?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 data-path-to-node=\"7\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Layer-2_da_bo_qua_yeu_to_bao_mat\"><\/span>Layer-2 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecf qua y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"8\">T\u1eeb l\u00e2u, c\u00e1c L2 nh\u01b0 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/arbitrum-giai-phap-mo-rong-layer-2-vuot-troi-va-thong-tin-lien-quan\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Arbitrum<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/optimism-op\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Optimism<\/a>, Base hay Starknet \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00e1nh tay n\u1ed1i d\u00e0i, gi\u00fap x\u1eed l\u00fd giao d\u1ecbch t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao, chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn th\u1eeba h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n t\u00ednh b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt c\u1ee7a Ethereum. Tuy nhi\u00ean, Vitalik ch\u1ec9 ra m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf ph\u0169 ph\u00e0ng:<\/p>\n<blockquote data-path-to-node=\"9\">\n<p data-path-to-node=\"9,0\"><em>&#8220;N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t EVM \u0111\u1ea1t 10.000 TPS nh\u01b0ng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u1edbi Layer-1 l\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ed9t c\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i \u0111a ch\u1eef k\u00fd, th\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111ang m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng Ethereum.&#8221;<\/em><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"10\">Vitalik lo ng\u1ea1i r\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u Layer2 hi\u1ec7n nay v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 phi t\u1eadp trung h\u00f3a th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1. Thay v\u00ec k\u1ebf th\u1eeba an ninh t\u1eeb mainnet, ch\u00fang l\u1ea1i ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb nh\u1ecf, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi.<\/p>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"10\"><em><strong>Xem th\u00eam: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/vitalik-buterin-la-ai-nhung-dieu-thu-vi-ve-cha-de-cua-ethereum\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Vitalik Buterin l\u00e0 ai? Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u th\u00fa v\u1ecb v\u1ec1 \u201ccha \u0111\u1ebb\u201d c\u1ee7a Ethereum<\/a><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<h2 data-path-to-node=\"11\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Chien_luoc_moi_phat_trien_bang_Native_Rollups\"><\/span>Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edbi: ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1eb1ng Native Rollups<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"12\">Thay v\u00ec \u0111\u1eb7t c\u01b0\u1ee3c to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 v\u00e0o c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, Vitalik \u0111ang th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y vi\u1ec7c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0o l\u1edbp n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng.<\/p>\n<ul data-path-to-node=\"13\">\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"13,0,0\"><strong>Native Rollups:<\/strong> \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c &#8220;n\u01b0\u1edbng&#8221; tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0o giao th\u1ee9c Ethereum. Kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi Rollups truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng x\u1eed l\u00fd ngo\u00e0i chu\u1ed7i (off-chain), Native Rollups cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c giao d\u1ecbch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp b\u1edfi c\u00e1c validator c\u1ee7a Ethereum th\u00f4ng qua b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng zkEVM.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"13,1,0\"><strong>T\u0103ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n Gas: <\/strong>Sau \u0111\u1ee3t Hard Fork v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m 2026, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111ang th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn vi\u1ec7c n\u00e2ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n Gas t\u1eeb 60 tri\u1ec7u l\u00ean 80 tri\u1ec7u. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp t\u0103ng s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng giao d\u1ecbch v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u00f4ng minh trong m\u1ed7i kh\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"13,2,0\"><strong>M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau 10.000 TPS:<\/strong> D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch 10 n\u0103m c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Justin Drake, Ethereum Mainnet h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi c\u1ed9t m\u1ed1c 10.000 giao d\u1ecbch m\u1ed7i gi\u00e2y\u00a0 &#8211; m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ea3y v\u1ecdt so v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c 15-30 TPS hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">There have recently been some discussions on the ongoing role of L2s in the Ethereum ecosystem, especially in the face of two facts:<\/p>\n<p>* L2s&#8217; progress to stage 2 (and, secondarily, on interop) has been far slower and more difficult than originally expected<br \/>\n* L1 itself is scaling,\u2026<\/p>\n<p>\u2014 vitalik.eth (@VitalikButerin) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/VitalikButerin\/status\/2018711006394843585?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">February 3, 2026<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<h2 data-path-to-node=\"14\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Layer-2_se_di_ve_dau\"><\/span>Layer-2 s\u1ebd \u0111i v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e2u?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"15\">S\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00e1c L2 s\u1ebd bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t, nh\u01b0ng vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ph\u1ea3i thay \u0111\u1ed5i. Vitalik g\u1ee3i \u00fd r\u1eb1ng thay v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay, c\u00e1c Layer2 n\u00ean chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng sang c\u00e1c th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u00e1ch\u00a0 chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t: nh\u01b0 quy\u1ec1n ri\u00eang t\u01b0, \u0111\u1ecbnh danh, DeFi chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u, SocialFi hay tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"18\">Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a Vitalik nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd t\u1eeb Ryan Sean Adams, ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh: <i data-path-to-node=\"18\" data-index-in-node=\"92\">&#8220;Ethereum m\u1ea1nh th\u00ec L1 ph\u1ea3i m\u1ea1nh&#8221;<\/i>. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3, nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt nh\u01b0 Max Resnick \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng r\u1eddi b\u1ecf h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ec3 sang Solana v\u00ec n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng L1 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi tr\u1ecdng. S\u1ef1 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn &#8220;L1-first&#8221; cho th\u1ea5y Ethereum \u0111ang n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c gi\u00e0nh l\u1ea1i v\u1ecb th\u1ebf tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 blockchain \u0111\u01a1n kh\u1ed1i t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao.<\/p>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"19\">T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, Ethereum \u0111ang b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean m\u1edbi: N\u01a1i c\u00e1c L2 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 &#8220;v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec7m&#8221; b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c cho m\u1ecdi giao d\u1ecbch, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng chuy\u00ean gia trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, trong khi Mainnet d\u1ea7n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t si\u00eau m\u00e1y t\u00ednh th\u1ef1c th\u1ee5.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Trong m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00e1i g\u00e2y ch\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng blockchain v\u00e0o th\u1ee9 Ba v\u1eeba qua, nh\u00e0 s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp Ethereum Vitalik Buterin \u0111\u00e3 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. \u00d4ng tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn coi Layer-2 (L2) l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ch\u00ednh cho Ethereum &#8220;kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n h\u1ee3p l\u00fd n\u1eefa&#8221;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":34,"featured_media":34696,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[21841],"tags":[3115,17761,3214],"class_list":{"0":"post-34695","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-tin-tuc","8":"tag-ethereum","9":"tag-layer-2","10":"tag-vitalik"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v25.0 (Yoast SEO v26.6) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Vitalik Buterin: T\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn Layer-2 cho Ethereum kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Vitalik Buterin b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd thay \u0111\u1ed5i quan \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u1ec1 Layer-2, t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o Native Rollups v\u00e0 t\u0103ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n Gas \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng Ethereum l\u00ean 10.000 TPS.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/vitalik-buterin-canh-bao-ethereum-khong-can-cac-layer-2-nua\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Vitalik Buterin c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o: Ethereum kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n c\u00e1c Layer-2 n\u1eefa\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Vitalik Buterin b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd thay \u0111\u1ed5i quan \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u1ec1 Layer-2, t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o Native Rollups v\u00e0 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