{"id":23134,"date":"2023-10-06T10:00:04","date_gmt":"2023-10-06T03:00:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/?p=23134"},"modified":"2025-06-10T17:22:57","modified_gmt":"2025-06-10T10:22:57","slug":"layer-1-la-gi-va-tim-hieu-cac-giai-phap-mo-rong-tren-blockchain-layer-1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/layer-1-la-gi-va-tim-hieu-cac-giai-phap-mo-rong-tren-blockchain-layer-1\/","title":{"rendered":"Layer 1 l\u00e0 g\u00ec v\u00e0 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean Blockchain Layer 1?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_79_2 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\"><p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">N\u1ed9i dung b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft<\/p>\n<\/div><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/layer-1-la-gi-va-tim-hieu-cac-giai-phap-mo-rong-tren-blockchain-layer-1\/#Blockchain_Layer_1_la_gi\" >Blockchain Layer 1 l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/layer-1-la-gi-va-tim-hieu-cac-giai-phap-mo-rong-tren-blockchain-layer-1\/#Cac_tinh_nang_chinh_cua_Blockchain_Layer_1\" >C\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Blockchain Layer 1<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/layer-1-la-gi-va-tim-hieu-cac-giai-phap-mo-rong-tren-blockchain-layer-1\/#Han_che_chinh_cua_Layer_1_la_gi\" >H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Layer 1 l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/layer-1-la-gi-va-tim-hieu-cac-giai-phap-mo-rong-tren-blockchain-layer-1\/#Cac_van_de_ve_kha_nang_mo_rong_duoc_xem_xet_lai\" >C\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t l\u1ea1i<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/layer-1-la-gi-va-tim-hieu-cac-giai-phap-mo-rong-tren-blockchain-layer-1\/#Tong_ket\" >T\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Blockchain_Layer_1_la_gi\"><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Blockchain Layer 1 l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Blockchain Layer 1 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn giao th\u1ee9c blockchain \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ed5 c\u00e1i ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n (DLT) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 ghi l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c giao d\u1ecbch m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch an to\u00e0n tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t s\u1ed5 c\u00e1i c\u00f4ng khai, b\u1ea5t bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Blockchain Layer 1 l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i Blockchain c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c l\u1edbp Blockchain kh\u00e1c. Ch\u00fang th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cc\u1ed1t l\u00f5i\u201d ho\u1eb7c \u201cn\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng\u201d c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng blockchain v\u00ec ch\u00fang cung c\u1ea5p c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 giao th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng. Ch\u00fang l\u00e0 l\u1edbp duy nh\u1ea5t ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m duy tr\u00ec s\u1ed5 c\u00e1i ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n, x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c c\u00e1c giao d\u1ecbch v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u1ea1ng kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Layer 1 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng blockchain. N\u00f3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c giao d\u1ecbch tr\u00ean chu\u1ed7i v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n th\u00f4ng tin ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cho s\u1ed5 c\u00e1i c\u00f4ng khai. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng, vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd giao d\u1ecbch bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c ghi l\u1ea1i v\u00ed ti\u1ec1n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c c\u1eb7p kh\u00f3a b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 d\u01b0 coin ho\u1eb7c token t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng. M\u1ed9t c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn, d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho m\u1ed7i n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c minh v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t giao d\u1ecbch ho\u1eb7c b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng. Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00e1c Blockchain Layer 1 c\u00f3 native token ri\u00eang, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 thanh to\u00e1n ph\u00ed giao d\u1ecbch ho\u1eb7c ph\u00ed gas.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_25510\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-25510\" style=\"width: 800px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-25510\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/a1-13.png\" alt=\"Layer 1\" width=\"800\" height=\"457\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/a1-13.png 800w, https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/a1-13-300x171.png 300w, https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/a1-13-150x86.png 150w, https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/a1-13-768x439.png 768w, https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/a1-13-450x257.png 450w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-25510\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Blockchain Layer 1 l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i Blockchain c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c l\u1edbp Blockchain kh\u00e1c.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cac_tinh_nang_chinh_cua_Blockchain_Layer_1\"><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Blockchain Layer 1<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Blockchain Layer 1 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c c\u00e1c giao d\u1ecbch v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia m\u1ea1ng. C\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong Blockchain Layer 1 bao g\u1ed3m B\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c (PoW), B\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ed5 ph\u1ea7n (PoS) v\u00e0 B\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ed5 ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/tim-hieu-ve-co-che-dong-thuan-delegated-proof-of-stake\/\">DPoS<\/a>), c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n kh\u00e1c.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Blockchain Layer 1 \u01b0u ti\u00ean b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n m\u00e3 h\u00f3a v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac m\u1ea1ng phi t\u1eadp trung. T\u00ednh b\u1ea5t bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a blockchain \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng qua b\u0103m m\u1eadt m\u00e3, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng gi\u1ea3 m\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c giao d\u1ecbch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi l\u1ea1i tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u00e1c Blockchain Layer 1 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng, v\u00ec ch\u00fang c\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn giao d\u1ecbch m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 giao th\u1ee9c Layer 1 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 sharding, sidechain v\u00e0 k\u00eanh tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>H\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u00f4ng minh:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Nhi\u1ec1u Blockchain Layer 1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u00f4ng minh, l\u00e0 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0o m\u00e3. H\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u00f4ng minh cho ph\u00e9p t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a c\u00e1c th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng, gi\u1ea3m nhu c\u1ea7u trung gian v\u00e0 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00ednh minh b\u1ea1ch.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<figure id=\"attachment_25511\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-25511\" style=\"width: 900px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-25511\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/a1-14.png\" alt=\"Layer 1\" width=\"900\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/a1-14.png 1080w, https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/a1-14-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/a1-14-1024x683.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/a1-14-150x100.png 150w, https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/a1-14-768x512.png 768w, https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/a1-14-450x300.png 450w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-25511\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">C\u00e1c chu\u1ed7i L1 ban \u0111\u1ea7u (c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 Bitcoin v\u00e0 Ethereum) \u01b0u ti\u00ean ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1eb1ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Han_che_chinh_cua_Layer_1_la_gi\"><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Layer 1 l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Blockchain Layer 1 t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng Blockchain c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 blockchain n\u00e0o l\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p, b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng. Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh c\u1ea3 ba \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 ba b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 thi c\u1ee7a blockchain do kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa ch\u00fang.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u00e1c chu\u1ed7i L1 ban \u0111\u1ea7u (c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 Bitcoin v\u00e0 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/ethereum-2-0-va-da-vu-tru-layer-2\/\">Ethereum<\/a>) \u01b0u ti\u00ean ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1eb1ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n L1 s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 \u01b0u ti\u00ean kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tr\u00ean c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p thay th\u1ebf \u201cngo\u00e0i chu\u1ed7i\u201d. C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 chu\u1ed7i L1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. Ch\u00fang bao g\u1ed3m:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>T\u0103ng k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u1ed1i:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> V\u1edbi c\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i l\u1edbn h\u01a1n, nhi\u1ec1u giao d\u1ecbch h\u01a1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u201ckh\u1edbp\u201d v\u00e0o m\u1ed7i kh\u1ed1i, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 n\u00e2ng cao t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1ea1ng. \u0110i\u1ec3m b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i l\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u00e1y t\u00ednh (n\u00fat) b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt m\u1ea1ng ph\u1ea3i t\u0103ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0m t\u0103ng nguy c\u01a1 t\u1eadp trung h\u00f3a.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn Proof of Stake (PoS) th\u01b0\u1eddng nhanh h\u01a1n v\u00e0 \u00edt t\u1ed1n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean h\u01a1n c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn Proof of Work (PoW). Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho r\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 gi\u00e1 b\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu an ninh v\u00e0 t\u1eadp trung.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n cho ph\u00e9p chu\u1ed7i Layer 1 chia d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc (\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Sharding), t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 gi\u1ea3m t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 giao d\u1ecbch. Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c li\u00ean l\u1ea1c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c chu\u1ed7i ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt blockchain b\u1ecb x\u00e2m ph\u1ea1m.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<figure id=\"attachment_25512\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-25512\" style=\"width: 900px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-25512\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/a1-15.png\" alt=\"Layer 1\" width=\"900\" height=\"506\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/a1-15.png 1600w, https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/a1-15-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/a1-15-1024x576.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/a1-15-150x84.png 150w, https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/a1-15-768x432.png 768w, https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/a1-15-1536x864.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/a1-15-450x253.png 450w, https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/a1-15-1200x675.png 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-25512\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y, m\u1ea1ng Layer 1 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng th\u00f4ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ea1ng t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cac_van_de_ve_kha_nang_mo_rong_duoc_xem_xet_lai\"><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t l\u1ea1i<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y, m\u1ea1ng L\u1edbp 1 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng th\u00f4ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ea1ng t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 m\u1ea1ng L\u1edbp 1 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn Proof-of-Work (PoW) y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00e1c th\u1ee3 m\u1ecf c\u1ea1nh tranh \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i c\u00e1c c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed1 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c giao d\u1ecbch. M\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng th\u00f4ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u00ean c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean PoW l\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n sang <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/proof-of-stake-va-cac-bien-the-cua-co-che-dong-thuan-pos\/\">Proof-of-Stake (PoS)<\/a>, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ecnh x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c thay v\u00ec c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 khai th\u00e1c v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng giao d\u1ecbch m\u1ed7i gi\u00e2y cao h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi gi\u1ea3m ph\u00ed x\u1eed l\u00fd.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">M\u1ed9t l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng nh\u1eb1m \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a blockchain ch\u00ednh. C\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00f3m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u1ea1ng ph\u00e2n nh\u00e1nh c\u1ee9ng ho\u1eb7c ph\u00e2n nh\u00e1nh m\u1ec1m m\u1ea1ng.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5: b\u1ea3n c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt SegWit c\u1ee7a Bitcoin \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u m\u1ed9t soft fork gi\u00fap t\u0103ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u1ed1i, trong khi nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00e1c, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 t\u0103ng k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u1ed1i l\u00ean 8 MB, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t hard fork t\u1ea1o ra hai phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a blockchain. Sharding l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1c bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n chia c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a blockchain th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u ph\u1ea7n nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi thay v\u00ec tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Solana, Aptos v\u00e0 Sui \u0111\u00e3 tri\u1ec3n khai m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn m\u1edbi v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u t\u00ednh n\u0103ng th\u1ef1c thi song song nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p m\u1edbi. C\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng blockchain n\u00e0y ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ghi b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac d\u1eef li\u1ec7u chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t, cho ph\u00e9p th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u00e1c giao d\u1ecbch kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 xung \u0111\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ghi, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 giao d\u1ecbch v\u00e0 t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 thu h\u00fat \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 ch\u00fa \u00fd t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111am m\u00ea blockchain c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia, v\u00e0 th\u1eadt th\u00fa v\u1ecb khi xem n\u00f3 s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i blockchain trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tong_ket\"><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">T\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">M\u1edf r\u1ed9ng quy m\u00f4 m\u1ea1ng blockchain r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 t\u0103ng c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng ti\u1ec1n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed. C\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng quy m\u00f4 Layer 1 \u0111\u1ec1u gi\u00fap duy tr\u00ec t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a blockchain c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec1u giao d\u1ecbch h\u01a1n. Nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng r\u1ee7i ro c\u1ed1 h\u1eefu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ednh b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t blockchain c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 &#8211; ho\u1eb7c th\u1eadm ch\u00ed l\u00e0 t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u1ea3m \u01a1n s\u1ef1 theo d\u00f5i v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3n \u0111\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n. \u0110\u1eebng qu\u00ean, m\u1ecdi th\u1eafc m\u1eafc v\u1ec1 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ec1n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1, vui l\u00f2ng li\u00ean h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 Support c\u1ee7a Fiahub 24\/7.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Blockchain Layer 1 l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Blockchain Layer 1 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn giao th\u1ee9c blockchain \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ed5 c\u00e1i ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n (DLT) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 ghi l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c giao d\u1ecbch m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch an to\u00e0n tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t s\u1ed5 c\u00e1i c\u00f4ng khai, b\u1ea5t bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":24,"featured_media":25513,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[21847],"tags":[2740,22425,23048,17761],"class_list":{"0":"post-23134","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-he-sinh-thai","8":"tag-blockchain","9":"tag-layer","10":"tag-layer-1","11":"tag-layer-2"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v25.0 (Yoast SEO v26.6) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Blockchain Layer 1 l\u00e0 g\u00ec? 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