{"id":22907,"date":"2023-09-09T10:00:10","date_gmt":"2023-09-09T03:00:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/?p=22907"},"modified":"2023-09-09T14:52:49","modified_gmt":"2023-09-09T07:52:49","slug":"khai-niem-trustless-va-permissionless-tren-blockchain-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/khai-niem-trustless-va-permissionless-tren-blockchain-la-gi\/","title":{"rendered":"Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m trustless v\u00e0 permissionless tr\u00ean blockchain l\u00e0 g\u00ec?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_79_2 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\"><p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">N\u1ed9i dung b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft<\/p>\n<\/div><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/khai-niem-trustless-va-permissionless-tren-blockchain-la-gi\/#Trustless_co_nghia_la_gi_trong_tien_dien_tu\" >Trustless c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 g\u00ec trong ti\u1ec1n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/khai-niem-trustless-va-permissionless-tren-blockchain-la-gi\/#Trust_duoc_phan_phoi_tren_Blockchain_cho_cac_loai_tien_te_khac_nhau_nhu_the_nao\" >Trust \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i tr\u00ean Blockchain cho c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7 kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/khai-niem-trustless-va-permissionless-tren-blockchain-la-gi\/#Proof_of_Work\" >Proof of Work<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/khai-niem-trustless-va-permissionless-tren-blockchain-la-gi\/#Proof_of_Stake\" >Proof of Stake<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/khai-niem-trustless-va-permissionless-tren-blockchain-la-gi\/#Permissionless_Blockchain\" >Permissionless Blockchain<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/khai-niem-trustless-va-permissionless-tren-blockchain-la-gi\/#Dac_diem\" >\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/khai-niem-trustless-va-permissionless-tren-blockchain-la-gi\/#Uu_va_nhuoc_diem\" >\u01afu v\u00e0 nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/khai-niem-trustless-va-permissionless-tren-blockchain-la-gi\/#Uu_diem\" >\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/khai-niem-trustless-va-permissionless-tren-blockchain-la-gi\/#Nhuoc_diem\" >Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/khai-niem-trustless-va-permissionless-tren-blockchain-la-gi\/#Tong_ket\" >T\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Trustless_co_nghia_la_gi_trong_tien_dien_tu\"><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Trustless c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 g\u00ec trong ti\u1ec1n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed?<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi xem x\u00e9t <\/span><b>Trustless<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi, <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">&#8220;Trustless ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 g\u00ec?&#8221;<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>\u2018Trustless\u2019<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/tag\/blockchain\/\">blockchain<\/a> phi t\u1eadp trung, theo \u0111\u00f3 khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ea1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o ni\u1ec1m tin v\u00e0o b\u00ean th\u1ee9 ba. M\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n s\u1ef1 tin c\u1eady c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf trong \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt duy nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ai c\u00f3 th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n bao tr\u00f9m v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft ho\u1eb7c tin t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1eabn nhau, do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 t\u00ean nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh b\u1edfi c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh t\u1eadp trung nh\u01b0 SWIFT, Bitcoin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ai c\u00f3 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u00e0 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i internet \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tham gia x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c c\u00e1c giao d\u1ecbch. V\u00ec t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c giao d\u1ecbch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef tr\u00ean s\u1ed5 c\u00e1i c\u00f4ng khai n\u00ean b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ai c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. Thay v\u00ec tin t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c trung t\u00e2m, ni\u1ec1m tin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0o b\u1ed9 quy t\u1eafc v\u00e0 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 &#8216;<\/span><b>Trustless&#8217;<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1ee3i \u00fd r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c blockchain kh\u00f4ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 s\u1ef1 tin c\u1eady n\u00e0o, nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u1eady. Ni\u1ec1m tin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 v\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y di\u1ec5n ra nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c minh h\u1ecda r\u00f5 nh\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i v\u00ed d\u1ee5.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_22908\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-22908\" style=\"width: 900px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-22908\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/a1-4.png\" alt=\"Trustless Blockchain\" width=\"900\" height=\"644\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/a1-4.png 1432w, https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/a1-4-300x215.png 300w, https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/a1-4-1024x732.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/a1-4-150x107.png 150w, https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/a1-4-768x549.png 768w, https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/a1-4-450x322.png 450w, https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/a1-4-1200x858.png 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-22908\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u2018Trustless\u2019 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t blockchain phi t\u1eadp trung, theo \u0111\u00f3 khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ea1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o ni\u1ec1m tin v\u00e0o b\u00ean th\u1ee9 ba.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Trust_duoc_phan_phoi_tren_Blockchain_cho_cac_loai_tien_te_khac_nhau_nhu_the_nao\"><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Trust \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i tr\u00ean Blockchain cho c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7 kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u1edf tr\u00ean, <\/span><b>Trust<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi trong blockchain, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ti\u1ec1n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed. T\u00f9y theo m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn b\u00ean kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">M\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t quan tr\u1ecdng trong c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i <strong>Trust<\/strong> l\u00e0 thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1ch nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia m\u1ea1ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngu\u1ed3n s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt duy nh\u1ea5t. C\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Proof of Work (PoW)<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> v\u00e0 <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Proof of Stake (PoS)<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">. Cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn xung quanh ch\u00fang g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ea1i xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng khi ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ti\u1ec1n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee3t n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p blockchain l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t, <\/span><b>Merge<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> c\u1ee7a Ethereum, \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb Proof-of-Work sang <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Proof of Stake<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t ch\u00ednh gi\u1eefa hai thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n n\u00e0y l\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o ch\u00fang y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c giao d\u1ecbch.<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Proof_of_Work\"><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Proof of Work<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Chu\u1ed7i <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/pow-la-gi-tim-hieu-co-che-hoat-dong-cua-pow\/\">PoW<\/a> y\u00eau c\u1ea7u s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh t\u00ednh to\u00e1n, do \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n, \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c c\u00e1c giao d\u1ecbch m\u1edbi. M\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 trong chu\u1ed7i PoW x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c c\u00e1c giao d\u1ecbch v\u00e0 th\u00eam c\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i v\u00e0o chu\u1ed7i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 khai th\u00e1c. H\u1ecd khai th\u00e1c nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed3ng coin m\u1edbi b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng t\u00ecm m\u1ed9t con s\u1ed1 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh nhanh h\u01a1n nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi khai th\u00e1c kh\u00e1c, m\u1ed9t con s\u1ed1 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y th\u00f4ng qua th\u1eed v\u00e0 sai. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y s\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c s\u1ebd nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e3 th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng l\u00e0m ph\u1ea7n th\u01b0\u1edfng, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 khi ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi khai th\u00e1c kh\u00e1c ch\u1ee9ng th\u1ef1c r\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea7n th\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng qua h\u00e0nh vi trung th\u1ef1c.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">C\u00e1ch duy nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 x\u00e2m ph\u1ea1m chu\u1ed7i PoW l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01a1n 50% s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh t\u00ednh to\u00e1n t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3, m\u1ed9t n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c chu\u1ed7i PoW \u0111\u1ee7 m\u1ea1nh nh\u01b0 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/\">Bitcoin<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_22909\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-22909\" style=\"width: 900px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-22909\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/a1-5.png\" alt=\"Proof of Work\" width=\"900\" height=\"563\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/a1-5.png 1600w, https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/a1-5-300x188.png 300w, https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/a1-5-1024x640.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/a1-5-150x94.png 150w, https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/a1-5-768x480.png 768w, https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/a1-5-1536x960.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/a1-5-450x281.png 450w, https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/a1-5-1200x750.png 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-22909\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Chu\u1ed7i PoW y\u00eau c\u1ea7u s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh t\u00ednh to\u00e1n, do \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n, \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c c\u00e1c giao d\u1ecbch m\u1edbi.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Proof_of_Stake\"><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Proof of Stake<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng PoW, PoS d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia m\u1ea1ng kh\u00f3a t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n trong m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t khi m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ee9 g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 \u201cb\u1ecb \u0111e d\u1ecda\u201d, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c duy tr\u00ec ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. Trong m\u1ea1ng PoS, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ed1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn, x\u00e1c su\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh theo s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n m\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 \u0111ang b\u1ecb \u0111e d\u1ecda.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">T\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o chu\u1ed7i, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u00ecnh x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh cho to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 blockchain. B\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ai c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c mi\u1ec5n l\u00e0 h\u1ecd kh\u00f3a \u0111\u1ee7 m\u00e3 th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o g\u1ed1c giao th\u1ee9c. \u0110\u1ec3 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c c\u00e1c giao d\u1ecbch, ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1eb1ng lo\u1ea1i ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7 g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a giao th\u1ee9c. N\u1ebfu h\u1ecd h\u00e0nh x\u1eed \u00e1c \u00fd, s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd s\u1ebd b\u1ecb c\u1eaft gi\u1ea3m, kh\u00f4ng khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch h\u00e0nh vi x\u1ea5u.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/proof-of-stake-va-cac-bien-the-cua-co-che-dong-thuan-pos\/\">PoS<\/a> ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u01a1n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 v\u00ec n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch t\u00edch l\u0169y s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh t\u00ednh to\u00e1n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a blockchain PoS kh\u00e1c nhau th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1eb1m trong kho\u1ea3ng 33% c\u1ed5 ph\u1ea7n. Khi m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n duy nh\u1ea5t ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1eb7t c\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m h\u1ecfng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. C\u00e1c blockchain \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y v\u00e0 c\u00e1c Layer 1 thay th\u1ebf g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ec1u d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o PoS v\u00ec c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c chu\u1ed7i m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng quy m\u00f4 nhanh h\u01a1n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 chi ph\u00ed kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt th\u00f4ng qua ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eaft ti\u1ec1n.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Permissionless_Blockchain\"><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Permissionless Blockchain<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><b>Permissionless Blockchain<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n tr\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi blockchain \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p. Trong m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh Permissionless, c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 blockchain c\u00f4ng khai, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf n\u00e0o v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tham gia kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb vi\u00ean ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t. B\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 ai c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tham gia v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn v\u00e0 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb vi\u00ean n\u00e0o cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng tham gia ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea5p cho h\u1ecd quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng blockchain ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n phi t\u1eadp trung gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u00ean kh\u00f4ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_22910\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-22910\" style=\"width: 900px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-22910\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/a1-5.jpg\" alt=\"Permissionless Blockchain\" width=\"900\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/a1-5.jpg 1350w, https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/a1-5-300x150.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/a1-5-1024x512.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/a1-5-150x75.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/a1-5-768x384.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/a1-5-450x225.jpg 450w, https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/a1-5-1200x600.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-22910\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Permissionless Blockchain ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n tr\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi blockchain \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p. Trong m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh Permissionless, c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 blockchain c\u00f4ng khai, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf n\u00e0o v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tham gia kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb vi\u00ean ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Dac_diem\"><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">V\u00ec <\/span><b>Permissionless Blockchain<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 lo\u1ea1i h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng khi tham gia th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ea1ng m\u1edf n\u00ean c\u00e1c giao d\u1ecbch ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n minh b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">N\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf v\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u0110i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n \u1ea9n danh kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong blockchain \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p, nh\u01b0ng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y th\u00ec c\u00f3. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 n\u00f3 cung c\u1ea5p t\u00ednh n\u0103ng \u1ea9n danh ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7 khi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Permissionless Blockchain <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">thi\u1ebfu th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n trung t\u00e2m v\u00ec n\u00f3 m\u1edf cho b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng n\u00e0o.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">N\u00f3 c\u0169ng cung c\u1ea5p vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u token v\u00e0 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 tham gia. Do \u0111\u00f3, n\u00f3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Uu_va_nhuoc_diem\"><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u01afu v\u00e0 nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><b>Permissionless Blockchain<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> c\u0169ng c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u \u01b0u v\u00e0 nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng d\u00e0nh cho c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ho\u1eb7c c\u00f4ng ty t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n \u0111ang t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng an to\u00e0n h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Uu_diem\"><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">N\u00f3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng phi t\u1eadp trung r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n cho ph\u00e9p nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia h\u01a1n th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ea1ng khi so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi blockchain c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">N\u00f3 c\u00f3 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 minh b\u1ea1ch cao v\u00e0 c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ea9y nhanh qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">V\u00ec n\u00f3 c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia l\u1edbn n\u00ean c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng ki\u1ec3m duy\u1ec7t r\u1ea5t cao<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">H\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n kho l\u01b0u tr\u1eef v\u00ec 51% m\u1ea1ng c\u1ea7n b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m h\u1ecfng m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nhuoc_diem\"><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u00cdt quy\u1ec1n ri\u00eang t\u01b0 h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi blockchain \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng th\u1ea5p khi c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng h\u01a1n d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn \u00e1p l\u1ef1c l\u1edbn h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean m\u00e1y t\u00ednh<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00ec vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c minh tr\u00ean to\u00e0n m\u1ea1ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tong_ket\"><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">T\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">V\u1eady l\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 hai kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 <\/span><b>Trustless<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> v\u00e0 <\/span><b>Permissionless <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">trong blockchain. \u0110\u1eebng qu\u00ean m\u1ecdi th\u1eafc m\u1eafc v\u1ec1 th\u1ecb tru\u1eddng ti\u1ec1n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, vui l\u00f2ng li\u00ean h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 Support c\u1ee7a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fiahub.com\/\">Fiahub<\/a> 24\/7.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Trustless c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 g\u00ec trong ti\u1ec1n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed? Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi xem x\u00e9t Trustless \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi, &#8220;Trustless ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 g\u00ec?&#8221;. \u2018Trustless\u2019 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t blockchain phi t\u1eadp trung, theo \u0111\u00f3 khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ea1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o ni\u1ec1m<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":24,"featured_media":22911,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[21850],"tags":[2740,23020,3296,8326,23021],"class_list":{"0":"post-22907","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-tu-dien-crypto","8":"tag-blockchain","9":"tag-permissionless","10":"tag-proof-of-stake","11":"tag-proof-of-work","12":"tag-trustless"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v25.0 (Yoast SEO v26.6) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m trustless v\u00e0 permissionless tr\u00ean blockchain l\u00e0 g\u00ec? - Fiahub<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m Trustless v\u00e0 Permissionless tr\u00ean Blockchain c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a g\u00ec? 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